Configuración y Aplicación del Firewall en Teléfonos SIP

Introducción

Función del Firewall

La función de firewall permite establecer reglas de entrada y salida, lo que puede prevenir accesos maliciosos a la red o restringir que usuarios internos accedan a recursos externos, mejorando la seguridad.

Configuración del Firewall

Diseño de la página web de la función de firewall
Diseño web del firewall
Descripción detallada de la configuración del firewall
A través de esta página, se puede habilitar o deshabilitar el firewall de entrada y salida. Esta función soporta dos tipos de reglas: reglas de entrada y reglas de salida. A cada regla se le asigna un número de secuencia, con un máximo de 10 reglas por tipo.
Dada la complejidad de la configuración del firewall, se proporciona un ejemplo a continuación:
Tipos de firewall
Configuración del firewall
Nombre del campo                Descripción


Habilitar reglas de entrada     Indica habilitar la aplicación de reglas de entrada. Habilitar reglas de salida indica habilitar la aplicación de reglas de salida.


Entrada/Salida                 Selecciona si la regla actual es de entrada o salida; Bloquear/Permitir selecciona si la regla bloquea o permite.


Tipo de protocolo             Tipos de protocolo a filtrar: TCP, UDP, ICMP, IP.


Rango de puertos filtrados    Rango de puertos a filtrar


Dirección origen               Dirección de origen. Puede ser una dirección de host, dirección de red, o todas las direcciones 0.0.0.0; o una dirección de red como 192.168.1.0.


Dirección destino             Dirección de destino. Puede ser una IP específica, todas las direcciones 0.0.0.0, o una dirección de red como 192.168.1.0.


Máscara de subred origen      Máscara de dirección origen. 255.255.255.255 indica un host específico; 255.255.255.0 indica filtrar una subred.


Máscara de subred destino     Máscara de dirección destino. 255.255.255.255 indica un host específico; 255.255.255.0 indica filtrar una subred.


IP de este teléfono: 192.168.1.114
Después de configurar, haga clic en [Añadir]; se agregará un nuevo elemento a las reglas de salida del firewall, como se muestra a continuación:
Añadir regla de firewall
Luego habilite las reglas de salida y haga clic en el botón [Enviar]. Procedimiento y fenómenos:
1. Cuando el teléfono (192.168.1.114) ejecuta: ping 192.168.1.118, no puede enviar paquetes a 192.168.1.118 debido a que la regla de salida lo bloquea.


2. Cuando el teléfono (192.168.1.114) ejecuta ping a cualquier otra IP en la subred 192.168.1.0 ~ 192.168.1.255, tampoco puede enviar paquetes ICMP.


3. Cuando el dispositivo (192.168.1.118) ejecuta ping 192.168.1.114, la captura de paquetes muestra que (192.168.1.118) envía paquetes ICMP, (192.168.1.114) los recibe, pero debido a la regla de bloqueo de salida, (192.168.1.114) no responde.


Nota: La función ping del teléfono está en el menú LCD -> Aplicaciones -> Ping
Eliminar regla de firewall
Seleccione el número de lista que desea eliminar y haga clic en [Eliminar] para borrar el elemento seleccionado.

Prueba del Firewall

Ruta del documento de prueba: http://172.16.1.9/testlink/index.php?caller=login&viewer= X3s/x4
Proyecto pantalla a color -> casos de prueba web -> red -> firewall

Catálogo
Servicio al cliente Teléfono
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